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Effects of Test Expectancy, Word Frequency, and Word Concreteness on Encoding Workload: Author: Bosco Jr., Frank Anthony; Date: 2005-05-15; Program: Applied Psychology; Abstract: The effort associated with relational and distinctive memory encoding was evaluated in two experiments. To this end, a secondary task was added during encoding, and the interference on the secondary task was used to infer encoding effort. Memory test expectancy was varied between-participants, with incidental, expect recognition, and expect recall conditions in Experiment 1, and recognition and recall conditions in Experiment 2. In both experiments, all participants encoded words varying in written frequency and rated concreteness. In Experiment 1, all participants received a recognition test ...; Download File | View full details

Cognitive Complexity and Logic Puzzle Question Answering: Author: Hobson, Jennifer Michelle; Date: 2005-05-15; Program: Applied Psychology; Abstract: Cognitive complexity refers to a person's system of interpersonal constructs that controls an individual's perceptions. An individual's system of interpersonal constructs is used to interpret and analyze the actions of other individuals. An individual's interpersonal constructs can be considered relatively complex when they contain a relatively large number of elements (constructs). Previous research has suggested that individuals high in cognitive complexity compared to those low in cognitive complexity differ in approaches to solving decision problems. Those high in cognitive complexity will...; Download File | View full details

Effects of Music and Other Stimuli on Subsequent Verbal Task Performance: Author: Koster, Michael Richard; Date: 2005-05-15; Program: Applied Psychology; Abstract: Music is woven into the fabric of daily life. Music awakens people in the morning, accompanies them as they drive to work, and plays in the background at restaurants and stores. Even though music is often present in the lives of most people, surprisingly little is know about the way it affects cognitive processing in humans. In this paper, I review current research on the effects of music on emotions, physiology, and cognitive task performance. I also present results from an experiment testing the hypothesis that music that has a positive effect on mood, increases arousal, or is preferred by t...; Download File | View full details

Spacing and Lag Effects in Recognition Memory: Time Versus Intervening Items: Author: Shively, Matthew David; Date: 2007-05-15; Program: Applied Psychology; Abstract: Spacing and lag effects both refer to abundant findings that memory is enhanced when repeated items are spaced. Several researchers have realized the difficulty of explaining these effects using only one theory, and, therefore posited varying dual-process models. It is also unclear if there is a limit to the increase in memory performance due to increased lag. This study sought to understand how stimulus type influences spacing and lag effects, limits of the lag effect, and the importance of time and items in creating these effects. Experiment 1 found a unique spacing effect and lag effect. Ex...; Download File | View full details