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Home Range Characteristics of Sympatric Moose and White-tailed Deer in Northern Minnesota: Author: Cobb, McCrea Andrew; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Fish and Wildlife Management; Abstract: Moose (Alces alces) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population numbers in northern Minnesota have fluctuated recently, possibly due to habitat changes, interspecific competition, and meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis). Little is known currently about the relative distribution and home range characteristics of sympatric moose and white-tailed deer in this area. Surveys were conducted during the winters of 1989 and 1991 to determine the relative distributions of moose and whitetailed deer pellet groups in Voyageurs National Park (VNP). Moose and white-tailed deer home ran...; Download File | View full details

Adapting Place: Author: Konsmo, Michael Jonathan; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: English; Abstract: Beginning writers in Montana, especially students enrolled in composition courses at Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana, can benefit from a curriculum that connects the act of writing to the place each person is from. Place occurs wherever people interact with landscape. Interaction is defined broadly, and can take the form of many activities, most importantly to this study, interaction takes on the form of writing. Place is embodied in the works of many of Montana's finest authors of literature, especially Wallace Stegner, Norman Maclean, Ivan Doig, Jim Harrison, Thomas McGuane and...; Download File | View full details

Advances in Yeast and Mold Monodrug and Combination Drug Antifungal Susceptibility Testing: Author: Wetter, Tracy Jane; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Microbiology; Abstract: Advances were made in both yeast and mold rapid susceptibility assay (RSA) testing. The yeast RSA was modified to facilitate amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITC), and voriconazole (VRC) testing of Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, and A. flavus clinical isolates. 16 h mold RSA AMB, ITC, and VRC RSA minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were equal to or within a single, two-fold dilution of MICs obtained in 48 h with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M38-A assay and in 24 or 48 h with the mold Etest. Preliminary testing with A. sydowii, Scedosporium a...; Download File | View full details

Applying Risk Allocation Theory in a Large Mammal Predator-Prey System: Author: Gude, Justin Albert; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Fish and Wildlife Management; Abstract: Understanding the behaviorally-mediated indirect effects of predators in ecosystems requires knowledge of predator-prey behavioral interactions, and the risk allocation hypothesis can be used to make predictions about such interactions. In predator-ungulate-plant systems, empirical research quantifying how predators affect ungulate group sizes and distribution, in the context of other influential variables, is particularly needed. We determined non-predation variables that affect elk (Cervus elaphus) group sizes and distribution on a winter range in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), usi...; Download File | View full details

Chemical Interaction of Nitric Oxide and Human Hemoglobin: Author: Luchsinger, Benjamin Peter; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Chemistry; Abstract: In the past decade an entirely new areas of biomedical science have emerged with the recognition of the critical roles played by nitric oxide (NO) in biology. The discoveries of the role of NO in the cardiovascular systems, where it participates in regulating the tone of blood vessels and the flow of blood, raised an intriguing biochemical problem about the chemical interaction of NO and hemoglobin in blood. Historically, investigation of the interaction of NO and hemoglobin have suggested the formation of heme-Fe(II)NO hemoglobin and nitrate. Neither of these products is considered to exhibit...; Download File | View full details

A Comparison of Training Methods for Enhancing Climbing Performance: Author: Davis, Colin Matthew; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Exercise Physiology; Abstract: Enhanced climbing performance may be achieved by applying systematic and documented principles to training for climbing. The purposes of this study were (a) to determine if improvements in climbing performance and related physiological variables would result from systematic training on a motorized climbing treadmill, and (b) to compare the effectiveness of two types of prescribed cardiovascular training programs on a motorized climbing treadmill: high-intensity interval training (HIT) and endurance training (ET). Climbing-related anthropometric variables, climbing performance, climbing-specifi...; Download File | View full details

Defining Grammar: A Critical Primer: Author: Wilcox, Karen Marie; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: English; Abstract: Many new or pre-service English teachers may not have learned much about grammar during their own school years or throughout their college preparation. This lack of preparedness may cause these instructors to remain apprehensive about teaching a subject they don't understand very well. Also, the full-fledged grammar classes which a pre-service English teacher might be required to take in college may further intimidate through an immediate, in-depth explication of the subject with complex diagrams and theories before the teaching candidate is even fully aware of the definition(s) of the word g...; Download File | View full details

Effect of Beef Cattle Age, Gender and Barley Grain Processing Method on Rate and Efficiency of Gain and Nutrient Digestibilities: Author: Rainey, Brian Michael; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Animal and Range Sciences; Abstract: Three experiments were conducted to test the effects of animal age (cows vs. calves) and barley processing method (whole vs. rolled) on rate and efficiency of gain and diet digestibility when barley was fed as a supplement to medium quality grass hay. A fourth experiment was conducted to test the effects of differences in diet composition on ADG and carcass characteristics in early-weaned calves. No age x processing interactions (P > 0.05) were detected for OM, N, ADF or NDF digestibilities. Diet OM and N digestibilities were greater (P < 0.01) when consumed by calves compared to cows, b...; Download File | View full details

An Empirical Assessment of Factors Precluding Recovery of Sauger in the Lower Yellowstone River: Movement, Habitat Use, Exploitation, and Entrainment: Author: Jaeger, Matthew Edward; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Fish and Wildlife Management; Abstract: Sauger (Sander canadensis) were designated as a critically imperiled Species of Special Concern in Montana because of declines in distribution and abundance. Migratory barriers, habitat loss, entrainment in irrigation canals, and overexploitation, especially at times when sauger were aggregated, were suggested to explain the failure of Yellowstone River sauger to return to historical abundances. I characterized seasonal movement patterns, habitat use, and aggregation of sauger and estimated movement, exploitation, and Intake Canal entrainment rates to test these hypotheses. Seasonal movement, ...; Download File | View full details

Enhancing Native Forb Establishment and Persistance using a Rich Seed Mixture: Author: Half, Melissa Lindsey; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Land Resources and Environmental Sciences; Abstract: Introducing and establishing desirable competitive forbs is crucial for successful invasive plant management and the re-establishment of a desirable plant community. The objectives of this study were: 1) To measure germination, dormancy, and viability of six native forbs, 2) To determine whether increasing forb seeding rate will yield an increase in forb establishment, 3) To examine the effects of a species mixture versus a single species on establishment and survival of desired species, and 4) To determine whether a mixture or a monoculture of forbs is more competitive with spotted knapweed. ...; Download File | View full details

Evaluation of Habitat Suitability Models for Elk and Cattle: Author: Hohler, Deborah Dorothea; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Animal and Range Sciences; Abstract: Managing elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) and cattle habitats in the western United States is confounded by the complex interactions of these species and by diverse private and public land management goals. Managers often use quantitative models as tools in land resource management yet many of these models have not been validated. I evaluated modified versions of existing elk and cattle habitat suitability index (HSI) models on four ranches in Montana and Wyoming to evaluate their ability to predict feeding site selections on non forested habitats. Animal locations were determined from aerial surv...; Download File | View full details

An Examination of Agricultural Education Pre-Service Student Teachers' Explanatory Style, Beliefs and Expectations about Teaching, and Strengths Finder Profiles: Author: Cooper, Katie Logan; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Agricultural Education; Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine levels of optimism and pessimism along with the beliefs and expectations of teaching in agricultural education pre-service teachers, and to compare these findings to that of the Gallup Organization's Strengths Finder profiles. The states included in this study were Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. The data for this study was collected using web based survey instruments. The population consisted of 61 pre-service agricultural education students. These students were enrolled in an agricultural education teaching methods class during ...; Download File | View full details

The Historical Power of the Imagination: Ngugi Wa Thiong'o and the Production of Place: Author: Ongaro, Shannon Marie; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: History; Abstract: The Norfolk Hotel stands as a symbol for diverse cultural projects. Playground to white settlers such as Karen Blixen and her cohorts, it represents a British colonial history of Kenya. Purity, civilization, and order all are hallmarks of traditional colonial conceptions of "good government." In the Norfolk's heyday as a sanctuary for white settlers, it was seen to exist in contrast to its surroundings. The Kenyan landscape itself could not have been stranger to the colonists coming from Great Britain. Kenya did not have the green rolling hills and year round water that white settler...; Download File | View full details

Identification of Life History Variation in Salmonids Using Otolith Microchemistry and Scale Patterns: Implications for Illegal Introductions and for Whirling Disease in Missouri River Rainbow Trout: Author: Munro, Andrew Roy; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Fish and Wildlife Biology; Abstract: Proper conservation and management of wild salmonid populations requires correct identification of the array of life histories present and their contribution to adult recruitment. I used otolith microchemistry to identify natal origin and scale patterns to determine outmigration age in Missouri River rainbow trout where whirling disease could potentially cause a population collapse. First, I reviewed the otolith microchemistry literature and concluded that there have been a limited number of freshwater studies, and there has been limited rigorous testing of the many instruments used. Second, I...; Download File | View full details

Impact of a Model Soil on the Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and its Amine Metabolites: Author: Walker, Diane Kathryn; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Environmental Engineering; Abstract: The end of the Cold War resulted in the closure of many sites where explosives were manufactured, processed, and stored, and packaging practices left behind highly contaminated surface waters, groundwater and soils. Chief among the explosives contaminating these sites is the xenobiotic, 2,4, 6- trinitrotoluene (TNT) whose electron-withdrawing nitro-groups make this aromatic compound highly resistant to biodegradation. An alternative option to mineralization as a bioremediation strategy, however, is immobilization. TNT can be biotransformed under reducing conditions to 2,4,6-triaminotoluene (TA...; Download File | View full details

Integrated Management of Cercospora Leaf Spot on Sugar Beet: Author: Larson, Ben James; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Plant Pathology; Abstract: Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola, is the most important foliar disease of sugar beets in Montana. Losses in research plots ranging from 5-15 metric tons per hectare and 0.5-1.5% lower sugar in the last 7 years. Increased levels of storage rot, sugar impurities, and loss of sugar to molasses have also contributed to losses. Current management strategies are heavily dependent upon the application of a few registered fungicides. Continued use of these fungicides is threatened by registration removal through the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, and the development of f...; Download File | View full details

Lichens and their Distribution in Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park: Author: Salix, Jessie Lynn; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Biological Sciences; Abstract: Lichens are unique organisms composed of two to three different organisms living together in a symbiotic relationship. They occur in most terrestrial habitats and perform many valuable roles in an ecosystem. Many species of lichen are sensitive to airborne pollutants, making them good biological indicators of air quality. A high diversity of lichens can indicate a relatively stable environment. In this study, an exhaustive inventory of the lichen species in Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park, Jefferson County, Montana, was done by collecting from all substrates in 22 different sites. The distr...; Download File | View full details

March Wet Avalanche Prediction at Bridger Bowl Ski Area, Montana: Author: Romig, Jeannette M.; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Earth Sciences; Abstract: Wet avalanches are a safety concern for all ski areas because they are difficult to control artificially and the shift from safe to dangerous wet snow conditions can happen very quickly. Forecasting for wet avalanche conditions in intermountain ski areas, such as Bridger Bowl, Montana, can be especially difficult because intermountain snow climates can exhibit wet avalanche characteristics of either maritime or continental snow climates. Various statistical models have been developed for avalanche prediction; however, most are tailored specifically for dry avalanche forecasting. Archived meteo...; Download File | View full details

Mixed Messages: Thomas Calloway and the 'American Negro Exhibit' of 1900: Author: Travis, Miles Everett; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: History; Abstract: In the last decade of the nineteenth century, African Americans faced growing hostility and disenfranchisement from the white majority, especially in the former Confederate states. African Americans were divided over the best strategy for dealing with their deteriorating circumstance, and after the death of Frederick Douglass in 1895, they lacked an established leader that could give voice to their concerns. To many, their best hope laid in the leadership and philosophy of an Alabama educator named Booker T. Washington. Washington taught that African Americans should not clamor for immediate r...; Download File | View full details

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms: Author: Gjersing, Erica Lee; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Chemical Engineering; Abstract: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) microscopy is well-suited for investigating living systems since it is innocuous and non-invasive. In addition to imaging internal structures of systems, NMR microscopy techniques can be used to obtain information about transport phenomena, such as fluid velocities and diffusion. The goal of this research was to determine the applicability of NMR imaging techniques to studying transport properties in biofilms. Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms were investigated because of their importance in medical implant infections. NMR experiments were used to image biofi...; Download File | View full details

Perceptions of the Montana Land Grant System Held by Legislators and Faculty: Author: Duffey, Lisa Marie; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Agricultural Education; Abstract: A survey was conducted to determine the perceptions of the agricultural components of the Montana land grant system: College of Agriculture (COA)/Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) and Extension Service (ES), held by Montana legislators and faculty working in the system. Surveys were mailed to 150 legislators (85 returned) and 198 faculty members (85 returned). Responses were analyzed using SPSS 12.0. Results found that legislators and faculty preferred an administrative structure with one leader for all three components of the agriculture land grant system. Overall, both populations agreed...; Download File | View full details

Performance of Wheat Germplasm in Competitive Versus Non-Competitive Conditions: Author: Hansen, Kelly Anne; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Plant Sciences; Abstract: Selection of high yielding spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes, is the goal for most classical breeding programs in the United States. In a single seed descent breeding program intense selection is practiced in space planted nurseries, although the ultimate goal is to have high yields in a densely seeded situation. The first objective of this study was to determine the correlations between physiological traits and yield influencing traits to final crop yield. The second objective was to determine if there are correlations between physiological and yield influencing traits in space versu...; Download File | View full details

A Planer Probe Double Ladder Waveguide for Power Combining and Dividing: Author: Oudrhiri, Mohammed Adil; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Electrical Engineering; Abstract: This thesis presents an initial investigation of a planar probe double ladder power combiner / divider. The structure is analogous to the coaxial double ladder of Sanada, Fukui and Nogi*. The planar probe structure utilizes a series of planar transmission lines and probes to inject or receive power which is combined or divided inside a rectangular waveguide cavity. The structure was developed in a manner for its eventual implementation at W-band (75.0-110.0 GHz) frequencies and above using proven micromachining techniques. A combination of analytical modeling, transmission line analysis and fu...; Download File | View full details

The Point of View of the Author: Intersections in Philosophy and Literature: Author: Leubner, Benjamin Jordan; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: English; Abstract: The question of this thesis is what does it mean to write under the temporal categories, or categories of understanding of, repetition, recurrence and return. Naturally, before the question can be dealt with, these categories must be investigated, as well as set off against the traditional categories which they aim to expand. The method of exposition utilized within the thesis is meant to walk, as it were, hand in hand with its content. The content being largely the "three R's" mentioned above, the thesis accordingly repeats, recurs and returns to the same ideas and the same metap...; Download File | View full details

Protein Mapping Spring Wheat Using a Mobile Near-Infrared Sensor and Terrain Modeling: Author: Meier, Corey Grant; Date: 2004-05-15; Program: Plant Sciences; Abstract: The feasibility of using a combine harvester mounted, Case New Holland ProSpectra™ Grain Analyzer to determine protein content of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was tested at a level of accuracy of 0.5% protein. Should the sensor meet the target accuracy, it would be useful for on-farm segregation of wheat by protein content and for field mapping protein. Geo-referencing protein values in the field, at harvest, enables creation of protein maps to be used as surrogates for maps of soil nitrogen for directing variable rate nitrogen applications. Models were developed i...; Download File | View full details

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