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Your search for ETD Program Biochemistry resulted in 10 match(es).

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Mechanism and Inhibition of the Phenylethylamine Oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis: Author: Juda, Gregory Alexander; Date: 2005-05-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of primary amines to the corresponding aldehydes, utilizing O₂ as the oxidant with concomitant production of H₂O₂ and NH3. The discovery that the human vascular adhesion protein (HVAP-1) is a copper amine oxidase has sparked considerable interest in the mechanism and inhibition of these enzymes. With the potential for therapeutic applications, substantial efforts have been made to determine the molecular factors which govern inhibitor sensitivity and selectivity for copper amine oxidases. In order to contr...; Download File | View full details

Nucleotide Dependent Conformational Changes in the Nitrogenase Fe Protein: Author: Sen, Sanchayita; Date: 2005-08-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Nitrogenase is a complex metal-containing enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia. During nitrogenase catalysis the Fe protein and the molybdenum-iron protein associate and dissociate in a manner resulting in the hydrolysis of two molecules of MgATP and the transfer of at least one electron to the MoFe protein. The role of nucleotide binding and hydrolysis in nitrogenase catalysis is one of the most fascinating aspects of nitrogenase function. The Fe protein upon binding to MgATP undergoes a huge conformational change which is important for subsequent steps of nitrogena...; Download File | View full details

Oxidation of Human Nitrosylhemoglobin Monitored by UV-Vis and EPR Spectroscopies: Detection of Products and Intermediates: Author: Williams, Elizabeth Mary; Date: 2005-08-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Once viewed only as a toxic free radical, nitric oxide (NO) has been established as an essential and ubiquitous signaling and regulatory molecule in biological systems. Notably, NO was identified as the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in the blood. NO is capable of complex redox chemistry and interaction with a host of protein families. Among these proteins is hemoglobin (Hb) which can interact with NO at the level of the heme and can bind NO at Cys93 on its β subunit to form S-nitrosylated Hb (SNO-Hb). NO bound as SNO-Hb is chemically labile and thus preserves bioavaila...; Download File | View full details

Structural Investigations of the Cancer-Associated Laminin Binding Protein and Nos L: A Novel Copper Binding Protein: Author: Taubner, Lara Marie; Date: 2005-12-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: This thesis consists of two distinct projects, one on the metastasis-associated laminin binding protein and the other on the putative copper chaperone NosL, both related by the common aim of investigation of the relationship between protein structure and function using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In the first part of this dissertation, the role that the metastasis-associated laminin binding protein or LBP plays in the spread and development of cancer was investigated. Functional domains of LBP were delineated by limited proteolysis, overexpressed, and then assayed for their ability ...; Download File | View full details

Understanding the Molecular Factors Governing Inhibitor Potency and Oxygen Activation in Copper Amine Oxidases: Author: Shepard, Eric Michael; Date: 2006-05-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of primary amines to the corresponding aldehydes, with the concomitant reduction of O₂ to H₂O₂. CuAOs are known to have a multitude of physiological roles, and activity levels are upregulated in several pathological states. With the potential for therapeutic applications, substantial efforts were made to determine the molecular factors governing inhibitor selectivity. As such, several mechanism-based inhibitors were screened against CuAOs from bacterial, yeast, plant, and mammalian sources. The results pro...; Download File | View full details

X-Ray Crystallographic Studies of Sulfolobus Turetted Icosahedral Virus (STIV): A Hyperthermophilic Virus from Yellowstone National Park: Author: Larson, Eric Thomas; Date: 2006-12-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus (STIV) was isolated from acidic hot springs of Yellowstone National Park and was the first hyperthermophilic virus described with icosahedral capsid architecture. Structural analysis of the STIV particle and its major capsid protein suggests that it belongs to a lineage of viruses that predates the division of the three domains of life. Functional predictions of the viral proteins are hindered because they lack similarity to sequences of known function. Protein structure, however, may suggest functional relationships that are not apparent from the sequence...; Download File | View full details

Structural Studies of Enzymes Involved in Propylene and Acetone Metabolism in Xanthobacter autotrophicus: Author: Krishnakumar, Arathi Mandyam; Date: 2007-05-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: X-ray crystallography has been an indispensable tool in understanding the mechanism of the enzymes of the epoxide carboxylation pathway in Xanthobacter autotrophicus. The main focus of this dissertation involves providing the structural basis for the stereoslectivity of the two stereospecific dehydrogenases of the pathway namely R- and S-HPCDH. The crystal structure of R- HPCDH cocrystallized with the substrate has been determined. The key elements of interactions between the enzyme and substrate are electrostatic interactions between the sulfonate oxygen atoms and two arginine residues (Arg15...; Download File | View full details

Structure Based Mechanistic Studies on 2-Ketopropyl Coenzyme M Oxidoreductase / Carboxylase from Xanthobacter autotrophicus and [FeFe] Hydrogenase from Clostridium pasteurianum: Author: Pandey, Arti Sharma; Date: 2007-08-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: X-ray crystallography was employed to probe the mechanism of the enzyme 2- ketopropyl coenzymeM oxidoreductase / carboxylase (2-KPCC). We were able to determine the enzyme structure in various catalytically relevant states, providing insights into substrate binding, intermediate stabilization, product formation and release. Structures of 2-KPCC were obtained with the substrate 2-ketopropyl coenzyme M (KCoM), product acetoacetate, 6-oxoheptanoic acid (OHA), 2-oxopropyl phosphonate (OPP), NADP+ and coenzymeM (CoM), the oxidized and reduced states. The binding sites for these ligands in relation ...; Download File | View full details

Investigating host response to viral infection through proteomics: a study of murine norovirus: Author: Furman, Linnzi M.; Date: 2008-05-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Norovirus causes roughly 23 million cases of foodborne illnesses in the United States each year. While this virus was characterized over 30 years ago, it remains non-cultivatable in human cells, resulting in an incomplete understanding of the host cell's response to infection. However, in 2004 murine norovirus (MNV) was found to be cultivatable in mice and has since been successfully cultured in RAW 264.7 cells. MNV has become an important model system for studying norovirus, as it is structurally and genetically similar to human norovirus. A global proteomics approach using fluorescently tagg...; Download File | View full details

Chemical approaches to probe environmental stress in Archaea: Author: Tarlykov, Pavel Victorovich; Date: 2009-05-15; Program: Biochemistry; Abstract: Little is known about strategies and mechanisms employed by thermophilic organisms to adapt to environmental stress. Sulfolobus solfataricus is a thermophile that belongs to Archaea, the third domain of life, and can be found in unusual habitats, such as the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. This archaeon can tolerate high temperature, extreme acidity and high concentrations of heavy metals and other toxic substances. Thus, S. solfataricus has been chosen by many researchers as a model system for biochemical, structural, and genetic studies. In this work S. solfataricus has been expose...; Download File | View full details

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